自闭症和ADHD的皮层厚度和曲率:一个巨大的分析
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|January 16, 2026
概括
自闭症谱系障碍和注意力缺陷/多动性障碍显示出不同的大脑皮层厚度和曲率模式. 这些神经解剖学的差异可能代表不同的发育轨迹,为神经发育条件提供潜在的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 现有研究表明,自闭症和ADHD的皮质形态差异.
- 之前的研究结果受限于样本规模较小,处理方法多样化以及缺乏数据协调.
- 需要大规模的标准化分析来解决神经发育研究中的不一致性.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 患者的不同神经解剖学特征.
- 为了利用大型,协调的神经成像数据集,对皮质形态学进行强有力的分析.
- 确定潜在的皮质生物标志物,以区分神经发育状况.
主要方法:
- 利用了六个大规模的大脑成像数据集 (n=9,647),包括患有自闭症,多动症和多动症的个体,以及匹配的对照.
- 使用ABCD-HCP管道处理所有成像数据,将皮质分为360个区域.
- 应用了ComBat协调来解决特定站点的变异性,并分析了皮层厚度和曲率差异.
主要成果:
- 患有自闭症的个体表现出区域性较薄的皮质和变化的曲率,特别是在Cingulo-Opercular网络中.
- 患有ADHD的个体在默认模式和体运动网络中表现出区域较厚的皮质和曲率差异.
- 对照组的参与者表现出中间模式,表明ASD和ADHD的皮质成熟度不同.
结论:
- 皮层厚度和曲率可以作为理解神经发育条件的潜在生物标志物.
- 这些发现推动了基于神经解剖学特征的自闭症和ADHD的分化.
- 协调,大规模的分析对于解决神经发育研究文献中的不一致性至关重要.
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