微弱的普遍不相容性和补偿性适应驱动了酵母菌中混合基因组的进化
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|January 16, 2026
概括
杂交酵母基因组表现出广泛的变异性和降低的适应性,弱的遗传不相容性塑造了它们的适应和进化. 这些背景依赖的相互作用影响了杂交基因组随着时间的推移而演变的方式.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 酵母遗传学 酵母遗传学
背景情况:
- 物种障碍保持着不同的基因组,但杂交可以揭示遗传不相容性.
- 了解混合基因组的长期进化动态至关重要,但未被探索.
- 酵母杂交呈现出强大的后异位障碍,原因是介质性染色体错配.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究高度分化,马赛克混合基因组的进化轨迹.
- 确定遗传不相容性在塑造杂交适应中的作用.
- 分析起源物种等位基因对杂交物种进化结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 从Saccharomyces cerevisiae和Saccharomyces paradoxus的交叉中生成了20种单体复合杂交.
- 在半变化过程中抑制了抗重组基因,以促进杂交.
- 利用实验室进化实验来追踪杂交基因组适应.
主要成果:
- 杂交动物的平均体能比父母体能低,表型差异很大.
- 在混合蛋白质复合体中观察到普遍的弱负遗传相互作用,而不是对对的致命性.
- 对于每种混合基因组,都确定了不同的进化轨迹,其中一些位点显示出混合体特定的突变向.
- 起源物种的基因对相互作用基因的选择产生了影响,从而影响了进化结果.
结论:
- 在这些酵母杂交品种中,强烈的双向遗传不相容是罕见的.
- 弱,背景依赖的不兼容性广泛存在,并显著影响混合体适应性和适应性.
- 混合基因组沿着独特的路径进化,这些路径是由普遍的,取决于环境的遗传相互作用形成的.
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