在学前自闭症谱系障碍中对大脑微观结构变化的评估:一个Voxel-Wise多模式MRI研究
Changhao Wang1,2, Meiying Cheng1,2, Yu Lu1,2
1Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
|January 16, 2026
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的学前儿童表现出前额叶铁缺乏和感觉运动髓变化,与运动缺陷相关,并提供高诊断准确性.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 涉及学龄前儿童早期的神经发育变化.
- 在这个年龄组中,全面的多模式定量MRI表征是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 调查幼儿园ASD中的voxel-wise大脑微结构差异.
- 利用大脑输液,多参数放松计和磁性易感性的综合分析.
主要方法:
- 对29名患有自闭症儿童 (2-6岁) 和25名健康对照 (HC) 的前性病例对照研究.
- 采用3.0TMRI,包括定量敏感度映射 (QSM),合成MRI (SyMRI) 和3D伪连续动脉旋转标记 (3D-pCASL).
- 对QSM,T1/T2/PD和脑血流 (CBF) 地图进行全脑分析,使用一般线性模型和相关性分析进行统计比较.
主要成果:
- 患有自闭症的儿童表现出左上/中前回旋 (SFG/MFG) 的QSM下降,双边前和感觉运动区域的T1放松时间减少.
- 左侧SFG/MFG中的QSM与精细运动得分呈正相关;感觉运动区域的T1值与粗运动得分呈正相关.
- 定量敏感度映射和T1放松时间显示,ASD的诊断准确度很高,曲线下的面积 (AUC) 从0.858到0.908.
结论:
- 幼儿园ASD的特点是前额前部缺铁 (通过降低QSM表示) 和感觉运动髓化变化 (通过降低T1表示).
- 这些神经成像发现与ASD儿童的运动缺陷相关.
- 定量MRI指标显示,在学龄前儿童中识别自闭症的诊断效果显著.
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