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增加护士和教师的工作时间:来自离散选择实验的证据
Melline Somers1, Tom Stolp1, Francesca Burato1
1Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
PloS one
|January 16, 2026
概括
护士和教师不喜欢高工作压力. 他们会接受全职工作的21-23%,增加工资,表明工资是解决劳动力短缺的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 人力资源管理 人力资源管理
背景情况:
- 医疗保健和教育部门面临护士和教师的严重短缺.
- 延长工作时间是减轻这些短缺的解决方案之一.
- 了解工人的偏好对于有效的劳动力规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过离散选择实验 (DCE) 来引起护士和教师对职位属性和工作条件的偏好.
- 确定工人愿意为特定的工作特征和额外的工作时间支付费用.
- 为减少护理和教学领域劳动力短缺的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在荷兰进行了一项离散选择实验 (DCE).
- 参与者 (护士和教师) 评估了9个假设的职业选择组.
- 每一组都包括在七个可观察的属性中变化的工作.
主要成果:
- 护士和教师对高工作压力的评价是最负面的.
- 护士非常重视与患者相关的任务和对工作时间的控制.
- 教师优先考虑来自同事和管理者的社会支持.
- 兼职护士和教师需要分别增加21%和23%的净小时工资,以获得全职工作.
结论:
- 高工作压力是这两种职业的重要威因素.
- 工作满意度受到每个职业独特的特定因素的影响.
- 实质性的工资上是必要的,以激励兼职护士和教师过渡到全职职位,解决潜在的劳动力短缺问题.
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