评估巴西毒蛇咬伤监测数据的领土差异:对公共卫生的影响
Alexandre Vilhena Silva-Neto1,2, Gabriel Dos Santos Mouta1,2, Thaís Pinto Nascimento3
1Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brasil.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
|January 16, 2026
概括
巴西蛇中毒监测数据在SINAN中显示关键临床细节的完整性不足,阻碍了公共卫生规划. 提高数据质量对于有效的抗毒品分发和政策制定至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 热带医学 热带医学
背景情况:
- 毒蛇咬伤 (SBE) 是巴西一个重要的被忽视的热带疾病,特别影响农村人口.
- 国家监测数据对于公共卫生规划和抗毒物分发至关重要,但需要进行质量评估.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估巴西国家报告系统 (SINAN) 中蛇监测数据的质量.
- 确定影响SBE公共卫生战略的数据缺口和不一致性.
主要方法:
- 关于SINAN SBE通知的描述性研究 (2007-2023年).
- 数据质量评估侧重于完整性,内部一致性和可靠性.
- 对社会人口统计学,临床和治疗变量进行分析;使用类内相关系数 (ICC) 将致命结果与死亡率信息系统 (SIM) 进行比较.
主要成果:
- 人口统计数据 (性别,年龄) 的完整性高;教育,职业,种族/种族和临床表现的完整性差.
- 在所有地区都有不常见但存在的内部不一致性.
- 在SINAN和SIM之间,对于致命结果 (ICC=0.95) 的优秀协议,区域差异.
- 与国家指导方针不一致的抗毒剂使用,特别是对于Crotalus,Lachesis和Micrurus物种.
结论:
- 通过SINAN进行的巴西蛇咬伤监测在数据的完整性和一致性方面存在重大限制,特别是在临床和治疗信息方面.
- 数据缺口在亚马逊等高负担,偏远地区更为明显,可能会影响资源分配.
- 加强通知实践,培训和整合临床流行病学工作流程对于改善SBE数据实用性和公共卫生行动至关重要.
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