生物多样性的多个方面解读了灌木入的草原生态系统稳定性的放牧影响
Shanshan Sun1, Decao Niu1, Maowei Liang2
1College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Journal of environmental management
|January 16, 2026
概括
畜牧放牧影响草原的稳定性. 草原占主导地位的地区的过度放牧减少了生物质的稳定性,而灌木入的地区则出现了影响生态系统功能的主导物种的转变.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 牧场管理 牧场管理
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
背景情况:
- 畜牧放牧显著影响草原生物多样性和生态系统稳定性.
- 过度放牧可能会导致灌木透通过区分,改变植物社区结构.
- 放牧对草原稳定性的具体影响,特别是在不同的息地类型中,需要进一步的实证研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同羊放牧强度对地面上方,地下和总生物质稳定的影响,在两个不同的沙漠草原息地:草原占主导地位和灌木入的息地.
- 为了辨别放牧如何影响快慢特征的社区加权平均值 (CWM),物种异步,主导物种丰度和功能分散.
- 了解不同放牧制度下的植物特征,物种组成和生物质稳定性之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在中国北部的沙漠草原上进行了一项为期七年的羊放牧实验.
- 两种息地类型,草原占主导地位和灌木入,在不同的放牧强度下进行了比较.
- 测量包括地面,地下和总生物质稳定性,CWM快慢特征,物种异步,主导物种丰度,功能分散和土壤特性.
主要成果:
- 在草占主导地位的息地,放牧增加了CWM快慢的特征,减少了物种异步,随着放牧强度的增加,降低了地面和地下生物质的稳定性.
- 在灌木的息地中,放牧提高了主导物种 (Reaumuria songarica) 的丰富性,降低了功能分散和土壤特性.
- 在地面上的生物质稳定性与草原主导地区的CWM快慢特征和灌木入的地区的主导物种丰度有负相关性.
结论:
- 通过改变植物特征,牧场间接降低了草占主导地位的息地中的社区稳定性.
- 在灌木的息地,放牧通过增加主导物种的丰富性来影响稳定性,影响物种异步.
- 保护多样化的生物多样性方面对于干旱牧草草地可持续的生态系统功能和服务至关重要.
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