了解高海拔地区的先兆子和胎儿生长限制:一个叙述性回顾
Víctor S Rangel1,2, Juliana Malagón Castillo3, Juan David Duarte3
1Instituto de la Mujer, Hospital Universitario Mayor-Méderi, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
概括
高海拔孕妇面临患子宫前和胎儿生长限制的风险增加. 高海拔群体的适应机制可能会对这些不良结果提供保护.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 环境医学 环境医学
- 产周研究 产周研究
背景情况:
- 孕前 (PE) 和胎儿生长限制 (FGR) 是全球孕产妇和产周死亡的主要原因.
- 在高海拔地区,由于氧气供应和血管适应的变化,这些情况会加剧.
- 了解这些高海拔影响对于改善怀孕结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查高海拔怀孕与PE和FGR的发展之间的关系.
- 探索影响高海拔地区母亲和胎儿结果的生理和遗传适应机制.
- 综合目前关于胎盘功能障碍,血管生成失衡和高海拔怀孕中的氧化应激的证据.
主要方法:
- 现有文献的叙述性审查.
- 关于胎盘功能障碍,血管生成失衡和氧化应激的证据综合.
- 检查高海拔群体的遗传和生理适应性.
主要成果:
- 高海拔怀孕与增加的胎盘功能障碍,血管生成失衡和氧化压力有关.
- 低氧诱导因素和改变的sFlt-1/PlGF表达影响了热囊细胞入侵和子宫胎盘血流.
- 永久的高海拔群体表现出适应性,如增强的氧气输送和改善的血管功能,减轻风险.
结论:
- 地理和环境因素显著影响怀孕结果,特别是高海拔地区的PE和FGR.
- 遗传和生理适应在高海拔群体中起着保护作用.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明机制,并为高海拔怀孕的临床管理提供信息.
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