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优先考虑可行和有影响力的行动,以实现安全的人工智能开发和在生物学中的使用
Josh Dettman1, Emily Lathrop1, Aurelia Attal-Juncqua1
1RAND Center on AI, Security, and Technology, Santa Monica, California, USA.
Biotechnology and bioengineering
|January 17, 2026
概括
人工智能 (AI) 可以推动生物创新,但AI支持的生物威胁创造风险需要减轻. 这篇论文优先考虑了七个关键策略,以对抗生物技术中的AI滥用进行分层防御.
科学领域:
- 生物技术和人工智能的人工智能
- 生物安全和风险管理
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 为生物创新提供了巨大的潜力.
- 然而,人工智能可能造成生物威胁的风险需要积极的缓解策略.
- 目前应对这些风险的可行的措施尚未得到充分发展.
研究的目的:
- 确定和优先考虑可行的政策和技术策略,以减轻人工智能支持的生物威胁创建风险.
- 为理解和应对AI支持生物威胁生命周期中的风险提供一个框架.
- 促进利益相关者之间的合作,以开发层级防御机制.
主要方法:
- 来自不同来源的现有报告和缓解选项.
- 根据预计的可行性和影响,评估拟议的缓解方案.
- 在一个与人工智能支持生物威胁创建步骤一致的框架内组织战略.
主要成果:
- 优先考虑七个关键缓解策略,包括十二个个别缓解.
- 关键策略包括模型取消学习,生物设计工具 (BDT) 的输入/输出过,生物安全的AI代理,安全漏洞奖励,材料保护的执行,增强的生物监控和DNA合成前的元数据选.
结论:
- 一种分层防御方法对于确保人工智能在生物技术中安全使用至关重要.
- 政策制定者,研究人员和技术人员之间的合作对于完善和实施这些缓解策略至关重要.
- 积极开发和实施这些策略将有助于释放AI在生物学中的社会益处,同时最大限度地减少滥用潜力.
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