无人直升机冷却风扇的CFD支持的可持续设计和制造
Liang Si1,2, Zhixin Liu3, Nannan Xiao1
1Aerospace Times Feihong Technology Company Limited, Beijing, China.
Scientific reports
|January 17, 2026
概括
针对密封无人直升机航母的优化风扇叶片提高了13.6%的冷却效率. 这提高了飞行安全,降低了9.5%的电力消耗,降低了排放,使得无限期悬浮具有重要的负载.
科学领域:
- 航空航天工程 航空航天工程
- 热管理系统 热管理系统
- 计算流体动力学的流体动力学.
背景情况:
- 密封的直升机航母是降低阻力和防雨的必要条件,但它们会降低散热器传热效率,危及发动机输出和飞行安全,特别是在悬空时.
- 目前的活性冷却解决方案依赖于风扇,因此风扇的性能对系统安全和运行能力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用Airfoils 30设计和优化风扇叶片,用于低雷诺兹数流量,解决直升机散热器的小型化和高集成要求.
- 研究风扇叶片参数 (扭转角度,弦长度,安装角度,叶片数量) 在现实的操作约束下对风扇性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用风翼30为风扇叶片设计,适用于小型直升机散热器特征的低雷诺兹数流.
- 开发了一个三维计算流体动力学 (CFD) k-omega SST模型来模拟和分析风扇性能.
- 将散热器尺寸和空气流阻的限制纳入CFD模型,以进行全面的优化.
主要成果:
- 优化的风扇配置 (55毫米的弦长,26度扭转角度,39度的安装角度,7个叶片) 实现了高流量 (>1.17公斤/秒).
- 风扇效率提高了13.6%,功耗降低了9.5% (73W),旋转速度降低了10.5%.
- 使用增材制造来生产优化的风扇,证明了试错成本和能源消耗的降低.
结论:
- 优化的风扇设计显著提高了热管理效率,从而大大节省能源 (每风扇73W) 并减少温室气体排放 (每天1.2公斤).
- 实验验证证了风扇的有效性,使直升机能够实现超过90千瓦的最大输出功率和无限的悬空能力,在40°C时承载500公斤的负载.
- 结合CFD和增材制造,为无人机组件的自主制造提供了一个有前途的途径,降低了开发成本和环境影响.
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