劳动年龄人口中听力损失的全球趋势:30年的流行病学分析
Bing-Yu Liang1, Ping-Ting Zhou1, Zi-Hui Xie1
1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, P. R. China.
Annals of medicine
|January 18, 2026
概括
自1992年以来,劳动年龄成人 (WAP) 的全球听力损失 (HL) 增加了56.9%,到2021年达到5.24亿. 趋势显示,随着年龄的增长和女性的更快增长,风险越来越高,这可能会对COVID-19大流行产生影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 听力损失 (HL) 是全球主要的残疾,不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家.
- 工作年龄的成年人 (WAP) 面临着重要的职业和环境风险,导致听力损失.
- 现有的预防策略主要集中在儿童身上,使WAP变得脆弱.
研究的目的:
- 分析1992年至2021年全球劳动年龄成年人听力损失流行趋势.
- 调查影响听力损失趋势的人口,因果和社会经济因素.
- 为了确定差异,并为这一群体制定有针对性的预防策略.
主要方法:
- 利用2021年全球疾病负担数据进行趋势分析 (1992-2021).
- 雇佣年龄标准化流行率 (ASPR) 和年龄周期队列 (APC) 建模.
- 按性别,年龄,原因,严重程度和社会人口统计指数 (SDI) 进行分层分析.
主要成果:
- 全球WAP听力损失在2021年增加了56.9%,达到5.24亿,这主要是由于人口增长和老龄化.
- APC分析表明,随着年龄的增长,风险增加,周期性影响普遍上升,在高至中等SDI国家的趋势令人担忧.
- 观察到的性别差异 (男性发病率较高,女性生长速度较快) 和对年轻受影响个体的趋势;注意到潜在的COVID-19大流行影响.
结论:
- 在WAP中,听力损失的全球负担很大,分布不均.
- 针对性干预解决可修改风险和SDI差异至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解与流行病相关的趋势,并完善预防策略.
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