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The certainty of climate change remains a public controversy despite the consensus among approximately 97% of active climate researchers, who not only agree that the Earth’s climate is changing but also state that this change is intensified by human activity, predominantly carbon emissions 1. The disconnect between the public and the experts is partly due to poor understanding of the mechanisms involved in climate change as well as the differences among essential concepts such as weather...
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Melting Land and Sea Ice
ExpandNOTE: This activity is a simulation of land- and sea-ice melting and their effects on water levels.
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Global Climate Change01:50

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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在小地理尺度上的气候耐受性局部适应与广泛的度模式形成对比.

Greg M Walter1,2, Avishikta Chakraborty1,3, Fiona E Cockerell1

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

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当地人口的气候适应能力与广泛的地理范围相比较. 这表明,目前对全球变化的适应能力的估计可能低估了在异质环境中适应的真正潜力.

关键词:
这种植物是Drosophila.干燥干燥干燥 干燥干燥地理变化 地域变化耐热性 耐热性 耐热性不同质的景观异质的景观.种内特定变化的变化.度上的斜线.地方适应 地方适应塑性的可塑性 塑性热承受能力 热承受能力

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科学领域:

  • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
  • 生态生态学 生态生态学
  • 气候变化研究研究 气候变化研究

背景情况:

  • 气候适应通常在广泛的地理梯度上进行研究.
  • 在异质环境中,在局部尺度上适应的潜力是不太了解的.
  • 了解当地适应对于预测物种对全球变化的反应至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 调查局部环境异质性是否可以驱动类似于宽度梯度的适应模式.
  • 量化Drosophila melanogaster的气候耐受性特征和可塑性的种群变化.
  • 为了将本地适应模式与广泛的度范围内观察到的模式进行比较.

主要方法:

  • 研究了五个Drosophila melanogaster种群沿着3000公里的度梯度进行研究.
  • 对比的度数据与来自600 × 300公里异质区域的8个当地人口.
  • 在应力耐受性 (热量,干燥) 和特征可塑性的量化种群变化.

主要成果:

  • 应力耐受性的本地规模人口变化与横跨度梯度的变化相当.
  • 来自更温暖,更干燥地区的人群表现出更高的热量和干燥耐受性.
  • 来自更可预测的环境的人群表现出更大的可塑性.

结论:

  • 在当地地理尺度上适应气候变化可能与在广泛尺度上适应气候变化一样重要.
  • 当地适应模式在不同的地理环境中可能有所不同,这使得对全球变化反应的预测变得复杂.
  • 如果不考虑当地的环境异质性,可能会低估适应全球变化的能力.