在高产和低产的萨昂农奶山羊的哺乳期内的身体组成和血代谢物的变化
J L Kirkham1, F Zamuner1, A W N Cameron2
1School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science-The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Journal of animal science
|January 18, 2026
概括
乳牛山羊的身体成分随着哺乳阶段的变化而显著变化,而不是生产水平. 身体质量指数 (BMI) 证明是比身体状况得分 (BCS) 更可靠的身体组成指标.
科学领域:
- 动物科学 动物科学
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 营养生理学 营养生理学
背景情况:
- 了解哺乳乳乳母山羊的身体成分变化对于优化动物健康和生产力至关重要.
- 评估身体成分的非侵入性方法对于实际的农场管理是有价值的.
- 双能X射线吸收计 (DEXA) 提供了关于脂肪和瘦组织分布的详细见解.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用非侵入性方法,研究乳母山羊在哺乳期内的身体成分变化.
- 为了比较DEXA的有效性,身体重量 (BW),身体状况得分 (BCS) 和身体质量指数 (BMI) 在评估身体组成时.
- 为了确定生产水平是否会影响哺乳期的身体成分变化.
主要方法:
- 哺乳期的Saanen奶山羊 (n=40;20只高产和20只低产) 在四个哺乳阶段进行了评估:早期,中期,晚期和干燥后.
- 使用DEXA (全身,下体,胸部区域),BW,BCS和BMI来测量身体组成.
- 数据分析涉及限制最大概率 (REML) 和皮尔森相关系数.
主要成果:
- 身体组成的变化主要是由哺乳期的阶段驱动的,而不是生产群体.
- 身体重量和BCS在整个哺乳期都增加,在干旱期间达到顶峰.
- 体重指数 (BMI) 与DEXA衍生的身体组成指标 (r=0.78) 与BCS (r=0.58) 相比显示出更强的相关性.
- 在整个哺乳期内,DEXA衍生脂肪质量减少了14%,从晚期哺乳期到干燥期增加了10%.
结论:
- 哺乳期是乳山羊体质变化的主要决定因素.
- 身体质量指数 (BMI) 是一个更可靠的非侵入性指标DEXA衍生的身体组成比BCS在哺乳山羊.
- 这些发现为管理乳山羊在整个生产周期中的营养和健康提供了宝贵的见解.
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