在长期护理中实施痴呆症的非药理学干预措施:范围审查
April Morris1, Melissa Kalarchian1, Angela Allen2
1Duquesne School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
概括
非药物干预 (NPI) 可以减少长期护理环境中的痴呆症 (BPSD) 的行为和心理症状. 然而,像人员配置和不一致的协议等挑战限制了它们的有效性,需要更结构化的方法来实现可持续的痴呆症护理.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 痴呆症的行为和心理症状 (BPSD) 显著影响长期护理 (LTC) 的居民,降低生活质量和增加护理人员负担.
- 非药物干预 (NPI) 是BPSD推的第一线治疗方法,但在LTC环境中面临重大实施障碍.
研究的目的:
- 在长期护理 (LTC) 中对痴呆症 (BPSD) 的行为和心理症状进行非药物干预 (NPI) 的范围审查.
- 绘制NPI特征,评估报告的结果,并确定在LTC环境中解决BPSD的关键实施挑战.
主要方法:
- 进行了系统范围审查,包括满足预定义标准的32项研究.
- 研究涵盖了各种NPI,如音乐治疗,回忆疗法,运动,辅助技术和多式联络方法.
主要成果:
- 个性化和文化定制的NPIs与加强居民参与和情绪反应有关.
- NPIs显示出积极的结果,包括减少激动,焦虑和情绪障碍,在不同的干预和环境中具有变化.
- 确定的主要实施挑战包括人员短缺,缺乏标准化的协议和道德考虑.
结论:
- 有机会开发更结构化和可扩展的NPI模型来解决LTC中的BPSD.
- 未来的研究应该整合居民和工作人员的观点,以促进可持续和有效的痴呆症护理实践.
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