巴西 Jiu Jitsu 竞技运动员膝盖受伤:对训练的影响
Michael Piekarski1, Ethan Kreiswirth2, Kim Barber Foss3,4,5
1Pullman Regional Hospital, Pullman, Washington.
Sports health
|January 19, 2026
概括
巴西 jiu jitsu 中的脚跟子提交显著增加了比赛中的膝盖受伤风险. 运动员应专注于技能训练,以减少这种技术可能造成的膝盖伤害.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
- 武术研究 武术研究
背景情况:
- 脚跟是巴西 jiu jitsu (BJJ) 中常见和有效的提交.
- 人们担心,由于脚跟的应用,可能会造成严重的膝盖和脚带损伤.
- 关于在比赛中专门归因于脚的伤害发生率的确切数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较国际巴西 Jiu Jitsu 联合会 (IBJJF) 的比赛中膝盖和脚受伤的发生率,在这些比赛中,脚跟是允许的,而不是禁止的.
- 在竞争性BJJ环境中评估脚跟技术的安全性.
主要方法:
- 采用了横截面研究设计,分析了IBJJF比赛的数据.
- 收集了2021年 (heel hook合法) 和2009年 (heel hook禁止) 的受伤数据,用于成人和大师级棕色和黑色皮带竞争对手.
- 计算了受伤频率,每1000场比赛的发病率和发病率比率,重点关注了屈服持有和脚跟.
主要成果:
- 在2021年,暴露在跟上的竞争对手与未暴露的竞争对手相比,膝盖伤害发病率明显更高 (1000场比赛中有26.5),相对风险为12.0.
- 在暴露 (1000场比赛中19.8) 和未暴露 (1000场比赛中8.8) 的竞争对手之间,没有观察到足伤害发生率的显著差异.
- 在比较2009年和2021年的数据时,没有发现膝盖或脚伤害发生率的显著差异.
结论:
- 脚跟提交技术与竞争BJJ中膝盖受伤的风险显著增加有关.
- 虽然脚受伤没有显著差异,但膝盖受伤风险增加凸显了安全问题.
- 建议竞争BJJ运动员加强他们的技能训练,以减轻与跟相关的膝盖伤害风险.
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