宫内暴露于氨基糖化物对新生儿听力的影响
Daniel Leshin-Carmel1, Liron Kariv2,3, Noa Mor4
1Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Unit, Samson Assuta Ashdod Hospital, Ashdod, Israel.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
|January 19, 2026
概括
通常在怀孕期间使用的氨基甘油酸抗生素,在子宫内暴露的新生儿中没有引起神经感官听力损失 (SNHL). 这项研究发现,在怀孕期间接触这些药物的婴儿中,先天性SNHL的风险没有增加.
科学领域:
- 新生儿健康 新生儿健康
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 氨基糖化物在怀孕期间经常被处方用于尿路感染.
- 氨基甘油酸的耳毒性作用在成年人中得到了充分的证据,但关于子宫内暴露的数据有限.
- 有限的研究存在于aminoglycosides在新生儿在子宫中暴露后的潜在听力影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估新生儿在子宫内暴露于氨基甘油酸的感觉神经听力损失 (SNHL) 的发生率.
- 为了比较新生儿在子宫内接触氨基糖化物和没有接触的新生儿之间的听力测试结果.
- 评估在怀孕期间使用氨基糖化物对新生儿听力的安全性.
主要方法:
- 一项队列研究分析了2018年至2024年间出生的39237名新生儿.
- 所有新生儿都进行了通用听力查和听力学评估.
- 85名新生儿在子宫内暴露于氨基甘油酸的听力结果与未暴露的对照者进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 没有新生儿在子宫中暴露于氨基糖化物,发展到神经感官听力损失 (SNHL).
- 暴露的婴儿患上其他听力损失危险因素的发病率更高,例如出生体重低和长时间的重症监护室停留.
- 总共有100名未暴露的新生儿被诊断患有SNHL,而暴露组中没有任何新生儿.
结论:
- 在85名婴儿中没有观察到先天性SNHL病例,这些婴儿在子宫内暴露于氨基糖化物.
- 研究结果表明,在怀孕期间短期服用氨基糖化物不太可能增加先天性SNHL的风险.
- 由于暴露病例数量相对较少,需要进一步研究,但目前的数据表明风险低.
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