即时行为药理学:如何在不到一个小时内对动物进行多个基线实验

The Miller-Urey experiment was a pioneering study regarding the abiotic synthesis of organic compounds with possible relevance to the origins of life. Simple gases were introduced into a glass apparatus and subjected to an electric discharge, simulating the effects of lightning in the primordial Earth’s atmosphere-ocean system. The experiment was conducted for one week, after which, the samples collected from it were analyzed for the chemical building blocks of...

Drosophila as a Model Organism
The common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a widely used model organism in biology, though it may be more commonly recognized as a fruit-loving pest. There are multiple reasons that make D. melanogaster an excellent experimental organism: their roughly two-week generation time allows studying multiple generations, they are easily maintained in very small tubes, and their sexual dimorphism enables investigators to easily distinguish between males that have...

Making Choice Chambers
ExpandBefore beginning the experiments, use one of the Sharpies from the lab table to trace a line around the circumference of the bottom of both bottles. One line should be 1 cm from the base of the bottle and the other should be 1.5 cm from the base of the bottle.
Use a razor blade to make a small cut in each bottle at the mark.
Then, insert the scissors and carefully cut along the line until the bottoms of the bottles are removed completely.
Fit one bottle bottom into...

D. Melanogaster Care
ExpandObtain the Drosophila melanogaster specimens at least two weeks before the experiment to allow the specimens to acclimate to the lab room conditions. NOTE: 25 Drosophila adults produce about 50 new adults in two weeks. Each colony-housing container should consist of a clean vial, 1.5 – 3 cm of prepared food medium, and a stopper.
Use a funnel to transfer the flies to the colony-housing container. NOTE: House the colonies so there will be approximately 40 flies...

Fully automated system for measuring physiologically meaningful properties of the mechanisms mediating spatial localization, temporal localization, duration, rate and probability estimation, risk assessment, impulsivity, and the accuracy and precision of memory, in order to assess the effects of genetic and pharmacological manipulations on foundational mechanisms of cognition in...

The present protocol describes how to conduct fNIRS hyperscanning experiments and analyze brain-to-brain synchrony. Further, we discuss challenges and possible...