在美国,2017年至2025年,地理驱动时间对暴露前预防药物 (PrEP) 接入的变化,2017年至2025年
Noah Mancuso1,2, Kevin Weiss3, Aaron J Siegler1
1Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Preventive medicine reports
|January 19, 2026
概括
暴露前预防 (PrEP) 接入的地理差异仍然存在,美国一半的县仍然是PrEP沙漠. 扩大进入较少城市地区的机会对于结束艾滋病毒疫情至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 地理空间分析的研究.
背景情况:
- 暴露前预防 (PrEP) 是预防艾滋病毒的关键工具.
- 对于许多人来说,地理上获得PrEP服务仍然是一个重大障碍.
- 了解当前的驾驶时间和识别PrEP沙漠对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估目前在美国所有县到达最近的PrEP供应商的行车时间.
- 检查自2017年以来驾驶时间和PrEP沙漠状态的变化.
- 根据城市,地区和社会经济因素分析PrEP获取的差异.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自PrEPLocator.org (2025年3月) 的PrEP提供者数据.
- 从人口加权的县中心到最近的供应商计算的单向行车时间.
- 定义PrEP沙漠为超过30分钟的驾驶时间的县;使用线性回归来评估变化.
主要成果:
- 在2025年,前往PrEP提供商的中位驾驶时间为30.2分钟,随着城市化程度的下降而增加.
- 美国一半的县被归类为PrEP沙漠,影响了3600万居民和4%的与男性发生性关系的男性 (MSM).
- 微型城市/非核心县的驾驶时间比大都市县长5-8倍;美国南部的驾驶时间自2017年以来减少最多.
结论:
- 尽管国家在PrEP获取方面有所改善,但仍然存在显著的地理差异.
- 城市化程度较低的地区在获得PrEP服务方面面临相当大的挑战.
- 优先扩大PrEP服务到服务不足,较少的城市地区是实现结束美国艾滋病毒流行病至关重要的.
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