开创性的节奏管理:对最早的电池驱动植入式心脏起器的设计分析
David Prutchi1, Daniel Villamil2
1Impulse Dynamics, Marlton, New Jersey, USA.
Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE
|January 19, 2026
概括
开拓者Rune Elmqvist和Wilson Greatbatch独立创建了使用晶体管的第一个可植入的心脏起器. 他们的融合设计,虽然在电源上有所不同,但为现代电子医疗设备奠定了基础.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 医疗设备的历史 医疗设备的历史
- 心血管技术的心血管技术
背景情况:
- 20世纪60年代初,Rune Elmqvist和Wilson Greatbatch独立发明了第一个由电池驱动的植入式心脏起器.
- 两种设计都使用了晶体管阻断振荡器,这是晶体管所带来的关键创新.
研究的目的:
- 分析早期可植入心脏起器的融合设计原则.
- 为了比较电路架构,电源和Elmqvist和Greatbatch的开创性设备的临床考虑.
主要方法:
- 对历史心脏起器设计的工程分析.
- 描述面包板的建造.
- 重建和测试三个关键设备的功能复制品:埃尔姆奎斯特的1958年原型,埃莱马-肖南德的1959年的EM135,以及1960年的Greatbatch-Chardack心脏起器.
主要成果:
- 埃尔姆奎斯特和格雷特巴奇都独立开发了使用类似核心电子原理 (晶体管阻断振荡器) 的功能起器.
- 埃尔姆克维斯特使用可充电的-电池,通过皮肤充电,而格雷特巴奇选择了初级-电池.
- 工程分析揭示了这些早期系统的优雅简单性和有效性.
结论:
- 植入式心脏起器的早期发展展示了融合的工程解决方案,尽管独立的创新.
- 电源策略 (可充电电池和初级电池) 的差异反映了不同的工程优先级.
- 这些先进的设备代表了电子和植入式医疗疗的关键早期交叉点,影响了未来的设备开发.
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