紧急情况部门对西尼罗河病毒的介绍
Kylie Jenkins1,2, Wayne Martini2, Alyssa K McGary3
1Creighton University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona.
The western journal of emergency medicine
|January 19, 2026
概括
紧急医生在2021年爆发期间超过一半的初始紧急诊所 (ED) 访问中错过了西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 测试. 警老年人的微妙症状,如软弱,对于及时诊断WNV至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
背景情况:
- 亚利桑那州马里科帕县在2021年面临着西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 爆发的重大事件,这与COVID-19大流行病相吻合.
- 疫情导致1487例病例和101例死亡,强调需要有效的疾病识别策略.
研究的目的:
- 为了描述诊断出西尼罗河病毒的急诊室 (ED) 患者的初始表现.
- 评估在WNV诊断之前ED访问的频率.
- 确定导致紧急医生延迟WNV诊断的因素.
主要方法:
- 对2021年5月至12月期间147名西尼罗河病毒确诊患者的病历和15天内至少一次ED访问的回顾性审查.
- 收集的数据包括人口统计,临床表现 (主要症状,生命体征),诊断测试 (血清,脑脊液) 和患者情绪.
- 排除只有免疫球蛋白G阳性结果或仅为门诊检测的病例.
主要成果:
- 在ED中WNV患者的中位年龄为67岁,主要是男性 (66.7%) 和白人 (97.3%).
- 常见的首要投诉是发烧 (23.8%),头痛 (17.7%) 和普遍的虚弱 (11.6%).
- 紧急医生未能在57.1%的初始ED遭遇中启动WNV测试;这些患者通常年龄较大,症状不那么具体.
结论:
- 对于西尼罗病毒患者的急诊室遇到的很大一部分患者缺乏初步WNV测试.
- 紧急医生应该对WNV保持高度怀疑,考虑到异常表现,如老年人普遍衰弱,以及经典症状.
- 在WNV爆发期间加强警可以改善早期检测并防止诊断延迟.
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