ASCIA指南:婴儿养预防食物过敏的方法
S L Vale1,2, M J Netting1,3, C J Hornung4,5,6,7
1National Allergy Council, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
概括
在6个月左右,向婴儿介绍固体食物,包括熟的蛋和花生. 每周提供常见的过敏原来预防食物过敏,不需要改变母亲的饮食或化配方.
科学领域:
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 公共卫生指南 公共卫生指南
背景情况:
- 澳大利亚临床免疫学和过敏学会 (ASCIA) 更新了其2016年婴儿养指南,以预防食物过敏.
- 该指南提供了针对婴儿养实践的具体建议,旨在预防食物过敏.
研究的目的:
- 为婴儿养提供最新的建议,以预防食物过敏.
- 将新的证据和专家的共识纳入临床实践指南.
主要方法:
- 使用研究和评估指南评估II (AGREE II) 框架进行系统的证据审查.
- 根据专家的共识,在缺乏证据的情况下提出建议的德尔菲程序.
- 形成一个专家撰写小组,其中包括来自关键过敏组织和研究中心的代表.
主要成果:
- 制定了16项建议:8项基于已发表的证据,8项基于专家的共识.
- 婴儿应该在6个月左右 (不早于4个月) 开始固体时,在发育方面已经准备好了.
- 在固体开始后不久引入熟的蛋和花生;每周提供其他过敏原. 鼓励母乳养;水解配方奶粉不建议用于预防.
- 轻微的外口皮疹可能不表明过敏,食物可以再次提供.
结论:
- 关键的更新包括花生和蛋引入的具体时间,以及对外耳皮疹的指导.
- 这些指南旨在支持初级医疗保健提供者为家庭提供有关婴儿食的建议,以预防过敏.
- 这些指导方针需要随着新科学证据的出现而进行持续的审查和更新.
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