基于医生临床背景的抗SARS-CoV-2疗法的感知价值的变化
Akihiko Hagiwara1, Kosaku Komiya2, Yuichiro Shindo3
1Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan.
Scientific reports
|January 19, 2026
概括
在政策变化之后,医生的成本看法对日本的COVID-19抗病毒处方产生了重大影响. 由于药品费用,许多医生避免开处方,特别是在诊所,可能会推迟高风险患者的治疗.
科学领域:
- 医学经济学 医学经济学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 传染病管理 传染病管理
背景情况:
- 抗病毒疗法对高风险的COVID-19患者至关重要,即使在流行病的紧急阶段之后.
- 日本在2024年4月将抗病毒药物覆盖范围转变为部分患者支付,影响了可访问性.
- 医生对抗病毒成本及其对处方行为的影响的看法尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查医生特征与他们对抗病毒药物成本的看法之间的关联.
- 确定药物成本对日本COVID-19抗病毒处方行为的影响程度.
- 为了确定与医生因成本而避免抗病毒处方相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 在全国范围内进行的一项基于网络的干预调查中,对1500名治疗COVID-19的医生进行了二次分析.
- 医生报告说,由于成本和他们认为每次治疗的适当成本,他们避免了抗病毒处方.
- 统计分析以确定医生特征和与成本相关的处方行为之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 近80% (79.5%) 的受访医生报告说,由于药物成本,他们避免了抗病毒处方.
- 治疗过程中最常被认为合适的成本是≤33美元 (65.0%).
- 一般医生,肺科医生,耳鼻科医生和临床医生更有可能避免开处方,并喜欢更低的成本.
结论:
- 日本高昂的抗病毒药物成本可能导致处方不足,特别是临床医生.
- 这种处方不足可能会推迟高风险患者的治疗,可能会增加严重的结果.
- 在初级保健机构促进适当的抗病毒使用和加强医院和诊所之间的沟通对于解决成本驱动的处方差异至关重要.
相关概念视频
00:42Cross-reactivity
Overview
01:16Bioequivalence: Overview
Pharmaceutical equivalents, by definition, are drug products with the same active ingredient in the same quantities, encapsulated in identical dosage forms, and intended for the same administration routes. These pharmaceutical equivalents are deemed bioequivalent if the bioavailability of the active entity in the drug preparations is similar. Moreover, pharmaceutical equivalents demonstrating bioequivalence are also regarded as therapeutically equivalent. This means that when used as directed,...
01:28Drug Products: Biologics, Biosimilars and Interchangeables
Biologics, derived from living sources such as humans, animals, or microorganisms, represent a significant category of pharmaceuticals. These complex molecules, developed through advanced biotechnological methods or purified from natural sources, include essential medical treatments like insulin and growth hormones. The complexity of biologics arises from their large molecular structures and the intricate processes required for their production, making them distinct from conventional...
01:22Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence
Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...
01:09Bioequivalence of Drugs: Drugs with Multiple Indications
The concept of therapeutic equivalence (TE) in drugs with multiple indications is complex. A generic drug may be therapeutically equivalent to a brand-name product for one specific indication, but this doesn't necessarily mean it's equivalent for all other indications. Evidence of TE in one patient group and bioequivalence shown in healthy volunteers can support—but not confirm—TE for other indications. However, definitive proof requires individual clinical studies for each indication due to...
01:24Dosage Regimen: Individualization
Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...