阿波罗试验:在COVID-19相关的感染后嗅觉功能障碍中对维生素A鼻液进行概念验证研究
Z Yeap1,2, R Sobhan3,4, S L Bengtsson5
1Rhinology & Olfactology Research Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Chemical senses
|January 20, 2026
概括
鼻内维生素A在COVID-19患者中没有显著改善后感染性嗅觉功能障碍 (PIOD) 的嗅觉功能. 这项研究发现,维生素A和安慰剂组之间的关键嗅觉测量没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 后感染性嗅觉功能障碍 (PIOD) 是COVID-19感染后的一个常见,经常持续的症状.
- 目前PIOD的治疗选择缺乏可靠的证据,需要探索新的治疗策略.
- 维生素A对表皮健康和神经元功能至关重要,这表明对嗅觉系统恢复有潜在的益处.
研究的目的:
- 进行一项概念验证,双盲,随机对照试验,评估鼻内维生素A作为COVID-19患者PIOD的治疗方法.
- 在12周的干预期内,比较每日鼻入维生素A滴与安慰剂 (花生油滴) 的疗效.
- 评估维生素A对嗅觉功能的客观和主观测量以及相关生物标志物的影响.
主要方法:
- 这是一项双臂,双盲,随机对照试验,涉及57名被诊断患有PIOD的COVID-19患者.
- 参与者每天接受9000 IU的维生素A鼻内滴或花生油安慰剂滴,持续12周.
- 结果措施包括嗅球体积 (OBV),嗅深度,fMRI BOLD信号,Sniffin' Sticks TDI得分,ODQ和BDNF水平,在基线和12周评估.
主要成果:
- 在维生素A和安慰剂组之间,嗅觉球体体积 (OBV) 的变化没有显著差异.
- 虽然ODQ问卷上的生活质量得分显示了维生素A组的改善 (p=0.01),但其他二次结果指标,包括嗅觉功能测试和BDNF水平,没有显著差异.
- 试验结束后,维生素A组的30名参与者和安慰剂组的15名参与者被排除和撤回.
结论:
- 这项概念验证试验表明,鼻内维生素A在COVID-19继发的PIOD患者中没有显著改善嗅觉功能.
- 观察到的生活质量的改善值得进一步调查,但并没有转化为显著的功能性嗅觉恢复.
- 未来的研究应该专注于替代治疗剂或研究非COVID病因的PIOD队列,以确定有效的治疗方法.
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