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相关概念视频

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective01:23

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective

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In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
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Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers01:48

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Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
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Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles01:29

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The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open....
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Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
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Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
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Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
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测量骨肌肉质量的参考方法:一个关键的视角

Steven B Heymsfield1, Houchun H Hu2, Edvin Johanssen3

  • 1Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle
|January 20, 2026
PubMed
概括

没有一个单一的黄金标准来测量人类骨肌肉 (SM) 质量. 本次审查强调了需要标准化的协议和精确的术语在体内方法,以准确的SM量化.

关键词:
身体构成 身体组成卡赫西亚 (Cachexia) 是一种缓解症.脆弱 脆弱 脆弱 脆弱 脆弱营养不良 营养不良 营养不良营养评估 营养评估肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖 肥胖这种类型的麻症是sarcopenia.

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科学领域:

  • 生理学 生理学 生理学
  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
  • 医疗成像医学成像

背景情况:

  • 骨肌肉 (SM) 在健康和疾病中起着至关重要的作用.
  • 量化人类的SM质量缺乏普遍接受的黄金标准方法.
  • 目前的方法被广泛分为体外和体内方法.

研究的目的:

  • 批判性地审查现有的 in vivo 方法来量化人类骨肌肉质量和组成.
  • 确定当前参考方法的局限性及其对衍生技术的影响.
  • 提出建议,以提高SM测量的准确性,可复制性和清晰度.

主要方法:

  • 对骨肌肉量化的体外和体外方法的系统审查.
  • 在体内方法的分类:参考 (上层) 和二次 (下层) 方法.
  • 对参考方法 (CT,MRI,DXA) 的协议,术语和验证程序进行批判性分析.

主要成果:

  • 实验室内方法很少报告,不适合当前的临床使用.
  • 三种体内方法 (CT,MRI,DXA) 被认为是参考标准,但缺乏标准化的协议和术语.
  • 下层方法需要与参考方法进行校准,传播任何不准确性.
  • 在采集协议和对参考方法的图像分析中存在显著的变化.

结论:

  • 对于体内骨肌肉质量量量化,目前还没有确定的黄金标准.
  • 标准化的协议和精确的术语对于CT,MRI和DXA在SM测量中至关重要.
  • 未来需要专家的共识,以建立最佳指导方针来分析肌肉质量和组成.