一项关于中链甘油三丰富口服营养补充剂对老年设施居民营养状况,身体功能和认知功能影响的试点研究
Mie Nakagawa1, Shusaku Kanai1, Astuko Kayashita2
1Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, JPN.
Cureus
|January 20, 2026
概括
每天的中链甘油三 (MCTs) 零食改善了营养不良的老年人中的BMI和握力. 这种营养策略有望改善长期护理机构中老年人的健康状况.
科学领域:
- 老年学和营养科学研究
- 临床营养和营养学
- 老年医学 老年医学
背景情况:
- 营养不良在老年人中很普遍,增加了发病率和死亡率.
- 全球营养不良领导倡议 (GLIM) 标准根据减肥,肌肉质量减少和低BMI来定义营养不良.
- 长期护理机构中的老年人特别容易受到营养不良的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估每天的中链甘油三糖 (MCTs) 零食是否能改善或维持营养状况,在营养不良的老年人中.
- 为了比较MCT补充和对照组之间的肌肉力量和身体功能的变化.
- 评估将MCT补充剂纳入长期护理机构的常规营养护理中的可行性.
主要方法:
- 在一个单一的长期护理机构中采用了前后研究设计.
- 参与者被分为一个补充MCT的组和一个接受定期饮食的对照组.
- 干预组每天食用含有MCT (135-136卡路里,0.4克蛋白质) 的零食5个月. 测量包括BMI,人体测量,握力,营养指标 (MNA-SF) 和认知功能.
主要成果:
- 补充MCT的组在5个月内显著增加了BMI (18.8至19.7公斤/m2) 和握力 (9.9至11.1公斤).
- 对照组的BMI略有下降 (20.5 到 20.2 公斤/米2).
- 两组均显示MNA-SF得分有所改善,因此很难将特定的营养状况变化仅归因于MCT. 在这两组中都没有观察到认知功能的显著变化.
结论:
- 在长期护理的营养不良的老年人中,每天含有MCT的零食 (10g/天) 持续5个月,改善了BMI和握力.
- 虽然MNA-SF分数在两组中都有所改善,但MCT对整体营养状况的具体影响需要进一步调查.
- 补充MCT似乎是一种可行的营养策略,可以改善老年人的身体功能,尽管需要进行更大规模的研究来确认对认知功能的影响,并分离MCT的独立影响.
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