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性别不平等和抗生素消费:分析来自70个国家的药品销售数据,2000-22年
Deepshikha Batheja1,2, Divija Samria2, Sonia Lewycka3,4
1Indian School of Business, Hyderabad, India.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
|January 20, 2026
概括
性别平等显著影响抗生素的使用. 女人的高等教育和劳动力参与与较低的消费相关,而女性人口较多与使用量略高相关,突出了需要针对性别的抗菌素耐药性战略的需要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 社会经济学 社会经济学
背景情况:
- 性别显著影响健康行为,获得护理和健康结果,影响抗生素消费模式.
- 教育和就业等社会经济因素与性别相交,影响抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 风险.
- 目前仅有有限的证据直接将性别不平等与抗生素消费率联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 调查性别平等指标与国家抗生素消费之间的关联.
- 分析社会经济因素如何调解抗生素使用和AMR风险中的性别差异.
- 为制定针对AMR的性别响应策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从70个国家 (2000-2022) 的年度抗生素消费量 (定义的每日剂量/DDDs) 的观察性,国家一级分析.
- 利用了四个性别平等指标:女性教育,女性与男性劳动力参与率 (FMLFP) 比率,女性在议会中的女性和女性人口占比.
- 雇佣国家和年固定效果回归模型,控制收入,教育,医疗保健准入,医疗支出和人口统计.
主要成果:
- 更高的女性教育和FMLFP比率与较低的抗生素消费 (分别P<0.05和P<0.01) 有显著的关联.
- 较大比例的女性人口与略高的抗生素消费有显著的关联 (P<0.01).
- 妇女在议会中的代表性与抗生素消费没有显著的关联.
结论:
- 性别不平等明显影响国家抗生素消费模式.
- 基于社区的方法和针对性别的战略对于解决AMR至关重要.
- 投资于性别平等可以成为有效制抗药耐药性的关键组成部分.
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