一个折叠开关调节了阿尔法病毒RNA依赖RNA聚合酶的构造
Jamie J Arnold1,2, Sean M Braet3, Luiz C Vieira4
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
Nucleic acids research
|January 20, 2026
概括
奥尼翁-尼翁病毒nsP4 (RNA-依赖RNA聚合酶) 采用一个不活跃的扩展形状,在蛋白质分解裂变时切换到一个活跃的紧形状. 这种机制可以防止在细胞质中发生不必要的病毒RNA合成.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 阿尔法病毒是蚊子传播的病毒,对人类重大疾病负责.
- 病毒RNA依赖RNA聚合酶 (RdRp,nsP4) 对于阿尔法病毒复制至关重要,但其纯化和研究具有挑战性.
- 之前的研究表明,O'nyong-nyong病毒nsP4 (ONNV nsP4) 是可溶的,但需要辅助蛋白来活动.
研究的目的:
- 在生物化学和生物物理上描述ONNV nsP4.4.
- 阐明ONNV nsP4的结构状态及其与聚合酶活性的关系.
- 了解阿尔法病毒RNA合成的调节机制.
主要方法:
- 分析超离心法 分析超离心法
- 微角X射线散射 (SAXS) 是一种微角X射线散射技术.
- -交换质谱法 (HDX-MS) 是一种质谱法.
- 人类遗传学分析
主要成果:
- ONNV nsP4存在于需要折叠切换的延伸,不活跃的构造中.
- 这种扩展状态表现出较弱的RNA结合和没有聚合酶活性.
- 一种前体形式 (CT50-P34) 采用紧的状态,这表明它在聚合酶激活中起作用.
- 遗传学分析表明,在紧状态和扩展状态中,残留物都存在保护性.
结论:
- 阿尔法病毒nsP4在不活跃的扩展状态和活跃的紧状态之间经历了调节的折叠切换.
- 一个前体的蛋白质分解裂变会在复制部位激活聚合酶.
- 在解离后将折叠切换到扩展状态终止了合成,并阻止了细胞质活性,避免了免疫激活.
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