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大麻使用的负面强化:在使用大麻后从负面影响中获得主观缓解,以及对后续使用模式的影响
Christina Dyar1, Isaac C Rhew2
1College of Nursing, Ohio State University.
概括
使用大麻来应对负面情绪的年轻人可能会感到缓解,这可能会增加他们感到丧时再次使用大麻的可能性. 这种感知到的缓解强化了大麻使用模式.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 药物成科学 药物成科学
- 药物使用研究研究 药物使用研究
背景情况:
- 负增强理论表明,物质使用是由逃避负面影响的愿望驱动的.
- 之前的研究已经通过检查物质使用后的影响变化来探索酒精和大麻使用的日常水平负面增强.
- 对物质使用的感知和影响变化的归因是关键的,但往往未经检查的因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查使用大麻来应对负面影响和大麻感知减少负面影响之间的关联 (大麻 contingent 缓解).
- 为了确定这种感知到的大麻依赖性缓解是否预测了随后的大麻使用.
- 检查感知缓解在日常大麻使用的负面强化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用了生态瞬间评估 (EMA),每天进行两次14天的观测.
- 收集了来自571名经常使用大麻的年轻成年女性的数据,过量采样了性少数群体和性别多样化的个人.
- 分析事件级数据,将大麻应对动机,感知缓解和随后的使用模式联系起来.
主要成果:
- 使用大麻来产生负面影响与感知到的大麻附带缓解相关,特别是当动机和缓解同时评估时.
- 大麻相关的缓解预测,当焦虑或抑郁的影响升高时,第二天使用大麻的可能性更高.
- 在随后的抑郁情绪发作期间,更大的大麻可能缓解的先前经验预测了大麻使用量的增加.
结论:
- 这些发现支持了物质使用的负增强理论.
- 参与者在使用大麻后从消极状态中获得缓解,这预测了这种状态再次出现时的未来使用.
- 对大麻使用的感知缓解,特别是对大麻的缓解,在加强持续大麻消费方面发挥着重要作用.
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