在博茨瓦纳,艾滋病毒感染和没有艾滋病毒的成年人中,非传染性疾病的负担
Divya Hosangadi1, Madisa Mine2, Christine A West3
1Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity, Institute for Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
AIDS (London, England)
|January 20, 2026
概括
非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的患病率在博茨瓦纳的艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 中更高,特别是脏疾病和癌症. 针对性干预对于PWH至关重要,考虑到NCDs与年龄相关的差异.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病研究 传染病研究
背景情况:
- 不传染性疾病 (NCD) 患病率的上升与全球人口老龄化相吻合.
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 负担较高的国家也面临越来越多的非传染性疾病率.
- 在艾滋病毒的背景下了解非传染性疾病对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估博茨瓦纳的NCD流行情况.
- 调查艾滋病毒状况,年龄和非传染性疾病患病率之间的联系.
- 为弱势群体提供有针对性的健康干预信息.
主要方法:
- 来自2021年博茨瓦纳第五届艾滋病影响调查的横截面数据的分析.
- 包括14,581名年龄在15-64岁之间的全国代表性受访者.
- 权重流行率和年龄分层逻辑回归来检查艾滋病毒状态和NCD关联.
主要成果:
- 总体NCD患病率为16.4%;20.7%的受访者感染了艾滋病毒.
- 艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 更有可能年龄较大,报告≥1个非传染性疾病,高血压,脏疾病和癌症.
- 在年龄调整后,PWH的病 (aOR: 3.2) 和癌症 (aOR: 2.1) 几率较高,但整体非传染性疾病,糖尿病,高血压和心脏病的几率较低.
结论:
- 与一般人口相比,在博茨瓦纳的PWH中,NCD的流行率较高.
- 艾滋病毒和非传染性疾病之间的关系是复杂的,并且因年龄组而异.
- 公共卫生官员在制定PWH干预措施时应考虑这些特定年龄的趋势.
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