住院患者抗凝血相关出血的危险因素:系统性审查和元分析
Uyen Thi Nguyen1,2,3, Minh Huy Nguyen1, Khanh N C Duong2,3,4
1National Drug Information and Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Centre, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam.
接受抗凝治疗的住院患者面临来自胃肠道,贫血和某些药物等因素的出血风险. 识别这些风险因素对于预防不良事件和提高患者安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医学研究 医学研究
- 临床药理学 临床药理学
- 患者安全 患者安全
背景情况:
- 抗凝治疗对于预防血栓栓塞事件至关重要,但具有显著的出血风险.
- 医院内出血并发症可能会导致发病率,死亡率和医疗保健费用增加.
- 确定特定的风险因素对于有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在接受抗凝治疗的住院患者中,系统地审查和评估与出血相关的风险因素.
- 综合各种患者和治疗相关因素与抗凝血相关出血之间的联系的证据.
- 为临床决策提供高确定性证据基础.
主要方法:
- 通过全面的数据库搜索 (Cochrane,Embase,PubMed) 识别的研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 使用PROBAST和QUIPS工具进行包含的研究的质量评估.
- 使用GRADE框架对证据的确定性进行评分.
- 通过随机效应的元分析计算的95%信心区间 (CI) 的聚合赔率比率 (ORs).
主要成果:
- 该审查包括29项研究,评估了93个因素,其中37项被确定为出血风险因素.
- 高确定性证据将出血风险与胃肠道 (OR 4.21),贫血 (OR 3.24) 和医疗程序 (OR 2.20) 联系在一起.
- 其他显著因素包括功能衰竭 (OR 1.81),抗血小板药物联合使用 (OR 1.78) 和同时使用NSAID/皮质类固醇 (OR 2.67).
结论:
- 伴随性疾病和与药物相关的因素对接受抗凝血剂的患者在医院内出血有显著的贡献.
- 这些发现强调了在管理抗凝血时考虑患者的并发症和并发药物的重要性.
- 针对特定风险因素的有针对性的干预措施可能有助于缓解出血事件.
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