早期儿童中耳炎相关的传导性听力损失对语音感知,神经处理和工作记忆的影响
Anadel Khalaila-Zbidat1, Arie Gordin2, Hanin Karawani1
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Hearing research
|January 20, 2026
概括
患有流出性中耳炎 (OME) 的儿童可能会发展神经和认知适应. 这些适应性有助于它们在噪音中处理语音,尽管早期听力损失,但表现出弹性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 中耳炎与溢出 (OME) 是一种常见的儿童疾病,导致暂时的导电性听力损失.
- 这种听力损失发生在听力发育的关键时期,可能会影响神经,感知和认知能力.
- 早期OME对学龄儿童语音处理和认知的长期影响需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 检查儿童早期的OME与其对噪音中的神经和感知语言处理的影响之间的关系.
- 评估有或没有OME史的学龄儿童的工作记忆 (WM) 功能.
- 调查有OME史的儿童对语音噪音感知的潜在补偿机制.
主要方法:
- 将21名有OME病史的儿童 (6-8岁) 与34名使用电生理学 (频率随访反应) 和行为测量方法的对照组进行了比较.
- 通过频率跟踪响应 (FFRs) 评估神经语音处理,在安静和噪音的情况下对 /da/进行评估.
- 评估感知语音在噪音 (SiN) 处理和工作记忆 (数字跨度任务).
主要成果:
- 在安静状态下,OME组表现出较低的神经响应幅度;在噪音状态下,他们表现出较早的峰值延迟,这表明神经弹性.
- 两组在SiN感知和WM任务中表现相似.
- 在OME组中,更好的SiN感知与WM性能 (前进和后退) 相相关,而不是对照组 (仅前进).
结论:
- 有早期OME病史的学龄儿童可能会发展出神经和认知适应性来处理语音中的噪音.
- 增强的神经编码和对工作记忆的依赖可能充当补偿机制.
- 这些适应有助于有OME史的儿童保持与同龄人相比的语音感知能力.
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