对自闭症儿童的拉头发和课堂参与进行感官集成的习惯逆转干预:一项多个基线试点研究
1Department of Special Education, College of Education, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
Research in developmental disabilities
|January 20, 2026
概括
一项新的感官综合习惯逆转 (SI-HR) 干预措施有效地减少了自闭症儿童的拉发. 这种方法也改善了功能参与,显示了自我调节行为的前景.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 拉头发是自闭症患者常见的以身体为中心的重复行为,通常被视为影响日常功能的自我调节行为.
- 习惯逆转训练 (HRT) 对重复行为是有效的,但其在自然环境中使用感官支持的研究不足.
研究的目的:
- 评估一种感官整合的习惯逆转 (SI-HR) 干预措施,以减少自闭症儿童的拉发.
- 评估SI-HR对自然主义教育环境中的功能参与的影响.
主要方法:
- 在八名自闭症学生 (8-14岁) 中,使用了具有多个基线的单个病例实验设计.
- 干预组合了HRT组件与学校人员实施的个性化感官调节策略.
- 拉头发是通过部分间隔记录来测量的,并使用瞬时时间采样来评估参与度.
主要成果:
- 在所有参与者中,观察到拉发的持续和立即减少,效果大小很大.
- 功能性参与对大多数参与者来说都显示出改善,尽管存在变化.
- 教师和护理人员发现这种干预在教育环境中是可行的和可以接受的.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了初步证据,证明了感官综合行为方法在减少自闭症儿童的重复性身体行为方面的有效性.
- 干预表明了与行为减少一起改善功能参与的潜力.
- 由于干预的样本规模较小和多组件性质,需要进行进一步的研究,包括复制和组件分析.
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