在有或没有发育条件的儿童中,自我照顾表现的纵向轨迹
Chien-Yu Huang1, Pei-Ya Cheng2, Kuan-Lin Chen3
1School of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Research in developmental disabilities
|January 20, 2026
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和发育条件 (DC) 的儿童表现出较慢的自我护理技能发展. 早期支持可以提高家庭和社区环境中的适应能力.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 儿科卫生健康 儿科卫生健康
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
背景情况:
- 有限的纵向数据存在于东亚儿童的自我护理技能发展.
- 本研究调查了台湾儿童的典型发育 (TD),自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和其他发育状况 (DC) 的自我护理轨迹.
研究的目的:
- 检查台湾儿童在不同发育群体的1.5年自我照顾技能轨迹.
- 探索儿童/家庭因素与自我照顾表现之间的关联.
- 评估自我照顾技能对后来的适应性功能的影响.
主要方法:
- 在四个时间点使用儿童自我照顾绩效评估 (SCPAC) 对1056名儿童 (TD,ASD,DC) 的纵向研究.
- 潜增长曲线建模按年龄组 (0-12岁) 分层分层.
- 维尼兰适应性行为量表,第三版 (VABS-3) 用于评估适应性技能;路径分析检查了滞后效应.
主要成果:
- 在各个年龄和诊断组中观察到不同的自我护理绩效轨迹.
- 患有ASD和DC的儿童在4岁后表现出较低的自我照顾能力,在4岁前表现出较慢的发展速度.
- 兄弟姐妹数量和照顾者教育影响了自我照顾的发展;整体表现预测了适应性生活技能.
结论:
- 研究结果突出了跨年龄和诊断的各种自我护理发展模式.
- 具有发育需求的儿童可能需要在关键发育阶段为自我护理技能提供有针对性的支持.
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