运动训练通过减轻TMAO诱导的炎症来缓解与年龄相关的认知衰退
Rong Zhang1,2, Lingfeng Li2, Xiaoshuang Xi1
1Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100144, China.
Scientific reports
|January 20, 2026
概括
运动训练通过降低三甲基胺N氧化物 (TMAO) 和抑制TXNIP-NLRP3炎症途径,延迟了老老鼠的认知衰退. 这种干预可以通过肠-大脑轴改善记忆和神经保护.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群的代谢物影响肠道-大脑轴,并导致与年龄相关的认知衰退.
- 三甲基胺N氧化物 (TMAO) 是一种关键的代谢物,可以触发中枢神经系统炎症和认知障碍.
- 运动训练减轻认知衰退的确切机制,特别是对TMAO和神经炎症的影响,需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 研究运动训练对D-银糖诱导的老鼠认知衰退的神经保护作用.
- 确定运动训练是否调节三甲基胺N氧化物 (TMAO) 水平并抑制TXNIP-NLRP3炎症酶途径.
- 阐明TMAO在衰老和炎症中的作用背后的细胞机制.
主要方法:
- 使用D-银糖诱导老化大鼠模型,随后进行运动训练和TMAO干预.
- 用行为测试评估认知功能:NOR,MWM和RAM.
- 使用ELISA和西式涂抹测试量TMAO水平和NLRP3炎症酶相关蛋白质;在HT22细胞中分析了细胞衰老.
主要成果:
- 运动训练显著改善了老年老鼠的认知功能,提高了NOR,MWM和RAM测试中的表现.
- 在运动训练的老鼠中,血TMAO水平降低了40.3%,与神经保护相关.
- 细胞研究证实了TMAO通过TXNIP-NLRP3通路促进衰老和炎症的作用,TMAO增强了TXNIP和Trx1.3之间的二硫化键形成.
结论:
- 运动训练通过减少TMAO和抑制TXNIP-NLRP3-Caspase-1-GSDMD炎症级联,有效地延迟与年龄相关的认知功能障碍.
- 在肠-大脑轴上,TMAO起到关键的调解作用,促进神经炎症和认知衰退.
- 准TMAO和TXNIP-NLRP3通路为缓解与年龄相关的认知障碍提供了潜在的治疗策略.
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