血管内传感器用于评估不稳定的斑块及其组成:一篇综述
Xing Xia1,2, Jimmy Zhang3,2, Gengxi Lu4
1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)
|January 21, 2026
概括
新的血管内传感器可以评估脆弱的动脉样硬化斑块及其组成,改善心血管事件检测. 这些先进的工具比传统方法提供了更好的病变特征.
科学领域:
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 动脉样硬化及其血栓并发症是导致心血管事件和心脏突然死亡的主要原因.
- 易受损伤的斑块破裂是急性心血管事件的关键驱动因素.
- 冠状动脉血管学在表征斑块组成方面是有限的 (富含脂质,纤维化,化).
研究的目的:
- 审查现有和新兴的血管内传感器,以评估易受动脉样硬化斑块及其组成.
- 讨论这些新型传感器技术的优势,局限性和临床潜力.
- 突出在临床试验中对脆弱病变的实时检测尚未满足的需求.
主要方法:
- 综述了多模式导管的最新进展,结合了诸如血管内超声波,光声显微镜,光学相干断层扫描和电化学阻抗光谱等技术.
- 评估使用可拉伸电极和微型制造技术的新型传感器.
- 分析传感器的能力,以识别斑块复杂性,组成,狭窄程度和斑块重塑.
主要成果:
- 新型多模式导管可以详细评估动脉硬性斑块的复杂性和组成.
- 诸如血管内超声波,光声显微镜,OCT和EIS等技术提供了增强的斑块表征.
- 在临床试验中实时检测易受动脉样硬化病变仍然是一个重大挑战.
结论:
- 与传统方法相比,新兴的血管内传感器为表征动脉样硬化斑块提供了更好的功能.
- 需要进一步开发,以克服局限性并实现这些传感器的全部临床潜力.
- 这些先进的传感器有望改善动脉样硬化及其并发症的管理和治疗.
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