实施治疗营养的首次经验非常严重营养不良的成年人结核病在常规程序设置:一个纵向描述性研究
Hemant Deepak Shewade1, Anuj K Bhatnagar2, Sanjay Gupta3
1Health Systems Research, ICMR - National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Chennai, India.
概括
德里检测和治疗结核病 (D-TAT) 计划改善了严重营养不良的结核病患者的护理. 治疗营养 (Formula75) 显示出令人鼓舞的结果,表明需要更广泛的实施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 德里核查和治疗结核病 (D-TAT) 倡议是一个全州范围的计划,旨在减少结核病死亡率.
- 它涉及诊断时对严重疾病的患者进行分类,并提供住院护理.
- 该研究评估了D-TAT在德里的可行性,该地区的结核病负担,人口密度和患者转移很高.
研究的目的:
- 评估D-TAT计划在高负担环境中的可行性.
- 评估治疗营养 (口服液体配方75) 对患有肺结核的严重营养不良成年人的影响.
- 分析这些患者的住院护理结果.
主要方法:
- 通过使用公共结核病通知数据进行了纵向描述性研究.
- 数据来源包括Ni-kshay系统,D-TAT严重结核病网络应用程序和纸质治疗营养跟踪工具.
- 该研究的重点是结核病的成年人 (≥15岁),特别是那些在分拣期间被确定为非常严重营养不良的人.
主要成果:
- 在报告的48,407例肺结核病例中,有22,326例接受了选,有899例 (4%) 呈选阳性,有335例入院.
- 在接受Formula75的75名非常严重营养不良患者中,平均每天消费量为1085毫升.
- 观察到移动性有显著改善,59%的患者在入院时无法自行站立,而7日15%的人;69%的患者在4天内稳定并过渡到高蛋白饮食. 在入院期间发生了三起死亡事件.
结论:
- 在控制严重结核病和营养不良方面,D-TAT倡议显示出希望.
- 对营养不良结核病患者的治疗营养干预产生了令人鼓舞的初步结果.
- 需要提高分类质量和覆盖范围,并扩大专用隔离病床,提供治疗营养支持.
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