唾液和血液中的miRNAs作为食道癌症检测的补充生物标志物
Mary Kathryn Maxwell1, Taichiro Nonaka2,3
1School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States.
Frontiers in oncology
|January 21, 2026
概括
循环的microRNAs (miRNAs) 显示出对非侵入性食道癌症检测的希望. 血液衍生的miRNA提供了更高的特异性,而唾液衍生的miRNA提供了更高的灵敏度,有助于早期诊断.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物标志物发现发现
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
背景情况:
- 食道癌是侵略性的,由于晚期诊断,生存率不佳.
- 目前的查方法,如内镜是侵入性的和不切实际的.
- 循环微RNAs (miRNAs) 正在成为通过液体活检早期癌症检测的非侵入性生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 评估血液和唾液中循环miRNAs的诊断性能,以检测食道癌症.
- 评估miRNAs作为食道癌的非侵入性生物标志物的准确性.
- 为了比较血液衍生的和唾液衍生的miRNAs的诊断效用.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Web of Science和Scopus (2004-2024) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 符合条件的研究分析了食道癌患者的血,血清或唾液中的miRNA表达.
- 诊断的准确性是通过聚合灵敏度,特异性,SROC曲线和诊断几率比率来评估的.
主要成果:
- 分析包括27篇文章 (47个子研究),涉及2,396名患者.
- 结合血液和唾液的miRNA显示出79%的敏感性和77%的特异性 (AUC为0.85).
- 唾液衍生的miRNA具有较高的敏感度 (88%),但特异性较低 (60%),而血液衍生的miRNA则显示出77%的敏感度和79%的特异性 (AUC 0.85).
结论:
- 循环的miRNAs具有作为液体活检生物标志物的显著潜力,用于非侵入性食道癌症诊断.
- 血液衍生的miRNA提供更好的特异性,而唾液衍生的miRNA显示出更高的敏感性.
- 需要进一步验证和标准化miRNA测试,以便在早期食道癌检测中进行临床整合.
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