超越礼物:捐赠者的动机和家庭经验作为身体捐赠计划的驱动力
Valérie Defaweux1, Olivier Prygiel1, Louis Schieres1
1Human Anatomy Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Frontiers in public health
|January 21, 2026
概括
了解捐赠者的动机和家庭经验是解决科学捐献人体短缺问题的关键. 整合行为模型可以增强计划,支持家庭,并确保可持续性.
科学领域:
- 医学教育和研究医疗教育和研究.
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 公共卫生倡议 公共卫生倡议
背景情况:
- 捐献身体对于医学教育和研究至关重要,但面临着持续的短缺.
- 了解捐赠者的动机和家庭经验对于计划的可持续性和公共卫生整合至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索捐赠者的动机和家庭在捐献身体方面的经验.
- 识别影响器官捐献决策和家庭支持的因素.
- 整合行为模型用于程序改进.
主要方法:
- 一项混合方法的探索性研究,结合了来自捐赠者的问卷 (n=104) 和来自捐赠者家庭的调查 (n=10).
- 定量数据以描述性和非参数测试方式进行分析;定性数据经过主题内容分析.
- 由行为变化轮 (BCW),保护动机理论 (PMT) 和亲社会性框架指导的解释.
主要成果:
- 科学效用是首要的捐赠动机 (56.7%),其次是象征意义,利他主义和感恩.
- 几乎所有捐赠者都通知了家庭 (96.2%);家庭的反应各不相同. 家庭报告"双重丧亲",但总体而言,他们感到满意.
- 捐赠是由高感知效率和强化自我效能驱动的,亲社会因素补充了保护性动机.
结论:
- 整合PMT和亲社会性提供了一个解释捐赠动机 (系统需求和共同利益) 的模型.
- 家庭支持可以调节动力,降低感知成本,突出其关键作用.
- 干预措施应提高能力,机会和动机,嵌入程序可持续性的行为模型.
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