24周阻力运动干预对认知正常老年人的认知功能的影响:AGUEDA随机对照试验
Beatriz Fernandez-Gamez1, Patricio Solis-Urra1,2,3, Andrea Coca-Pulido1
1Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|January 21, 2026
概括
耐力运动 (RE) 在老年人中改善了注意力/抑制性控制,但并没有显著提高整体执行功能 (EF). 个性化炼可能会使特定的子组受益,特别是那些具有较高主观认知衰退的人.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 在AGUEDA (Active Gains in Brain Using Exercise During Aging) 试验中,研究了抗力运动 (RE) 对老年人认知功能的影响.
- 认知衰老是一个重大问题,越来越需要有效的干预措施来保持大脑健康.
研究的目的:
- 评估24周阻力运动 (RE) 干预对认知正常的老年人执行功能 (EF) 和其他认知领域的影响.
- 探索RE对认知效应的潜在调节者,包括年龄,教育和主观认知衰退.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及90名认知正常的老年人 (平均年龄71.8岁).
- 参与者被分配到24周的抵抗运动 (RE) 组或对照组.
- 认知评估,包括EF和其他领域,在基线和24周干预后进行.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,RE组在注意力/抑制性控制方面显著改善 (SMD = 0.43,p < 0.001).
- 在整体执行功能 (EF) 或其他认知领域 (情节性记忆,处理速度,视觉空间处理,工作记忆) 没有发现显著改善.
- 在RE组中,肌肉力量的增加与EF,情节性记忆和工作记忆的改善有关.
结论:
- 虽然RE没有产生整体EF益处,但它在认知健康的老年人中选择性地增强了注意力/抑制控制.
- 抵抗运动可能为特定的潜在脆弱子组提供更大的认知益处.
- 根据个人风险概况量身定制的个性化炼干预措施,例如那些具有较高主观认知衰退的人,具有前景.
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