在感染植物病原菌的低病毒变体中,积累潜力和传播效率之间的权衡
Shian Yang1,2, Ruoyin Dai1, Shujing Liu1
1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
mBio
|January 21, 2026
概括
在真菌中,一种新型的低病毒 (VpHV1) 显示出病毒积累和传播之间的权衡变体. 带有基因组删除的 γ 变体积累更多,但传播效率较低,揭示了真菌病毒进化的洞察力.
科学领域:
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
背景情况:
- 在真菌病毒系统中,RNA病毒复制产生了多种变体,在真菌病毒系统中,其适应性效应尚未得到充分研究.
- 感染植物病原菌的低病毒为研究病毒进化和宿主适应提供了一个模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述Valsa pyri*中的新型低病毒变体.
- 调查基因组删除对病毒适应性,积累和传播效率的影响.
- 探索在真菌群体中限制病毒传播的基础机制.
主要方法:
- 在Valsa pyri*中识别和描述低病毒变异 (VpHV1-α,VpHV1-β,VpHV1-γ).
- 分析病毒基因组删除及其与病毒积累和致病性相关性的分析.
- 评估垂直 (以子为基础) 和水平 (形解剖) 传输效率.
- 调查宿主反应,包括被编程的细胞死亡和基因表达 (植物性不相容性,RNA沉默),感染不同病毒变异后.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种VpHV1变异 (α,β,γ),其中β和γ是由α基因组中缺失引起的.
- 具有较大的删除的vpHV1-γ显示出弱的真菌生长和病原性,但病毒积累较高.
- VpHV1-γ 呈现下降的垂直传播和通过下垂体瘤形成的限制水平传播.
- 限制VpHV1-γ的水平传播与诱导编程细胞死亡和激活植物不相容性和RNA沉默通路有关.
结论:
- 病毒基因组删除会产生变异,在积累和传播效率之间进行权衡.
- 菌编程细胞死亡和植物性不兼容机制限制了某些低病毒变体的传播.
- 病毒传播能力是驱动病毒进化和真菌群体适应的关键选择性因素.
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