评估残奥运动员的身体成分:不同测量方法的准确性与双能X射线吸收度相比
Raffaella Spada1, Valentina Cavedon2, Lucrezia Macori1
1Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, National Italian Olympic Committee, Largo Piero Gabrielli, 1, 00197 Rome, Italy.
Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
|January 21, 2026
概括
目前的身体组成方法,如生物电阻分析 (BIA),空气位移整体镜 (ADP) 和皮肤折叠方程,对于残奥运动员来说是不准确的. 需要进一步的研究,以开发可靠的评估技术,为这个多样化的群体.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 由于残奥运动员的异质性,残奥运动员对身体组成分析提出了独特的挑战.
- 准确的身体组成评估对于精英运动员的训练,健康和性能优化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估生物电阻分析 (BIA),空气位移整体镜 (ADP) 和皮肤折叠方程的准确性,以估计残奥运动员的相对脂肪质量 (%FM).
- 将这些方法与双能X射线吸收度 (DXA) 作为参考标准进行比较.
主要方法:
- 66名男子和67名女子残奥会选手参加了比赛.
- 在同一天使用BIA,ADP,皮方程和DXA来评估身体成分.
- 统计分析包括配对的t测试,一致性相关系数,回归和布兰德-阿尔特曼分析.
主要成果:
- BIA,ADP和skinfold方程显示与DXA的一致性较差.
- 这些方法显著低估了男性和女性残奥会员的FM%,偏差从-1.8%到-10.7%.
- 皮折叠总和,特别是九皮折叠模型,与%FM_DXA (调整后R2 ≈ 0.8) 显示出更强的相关性.
结论:
- 现有的身体组成评估方法 (皮肤折叠方程,BIA,ADP) 对残奥运动员缺乏可转移性和准确性.
- 需要新的方法或适应来准确评估这个人群的身体组成.
- 未来的研究应该考虑特定的损伤和健康状况,在调查残奥运动员的身体组成评估技术时.
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