在多国青年队伍中划船表现的人类学决定因素
László Suszter1, Zoltán Gombos1, Ottó Benczenleitner1
1Sport and Health Sciences Research Group, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, 3300 Eger, Hungary.
Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
|January 21, 2026
概括
年轻运动员的划船表现与身体大小和肌肉质量有关,而不仅仅是孤立的特征. 关键因素包括身体表面积和相对肌肉质量,指导人才的识别和培训.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 青少年的划船表现受人类学,身体组成和四肢比例的影响.
- 这些因素在划船发展阶段的综合影响尚未完全理解.
- 这项研究考察了年轻划船员的人体测量变量和人体测量表现.
研究的目的:
- 在一个多国青年运动员队伍中调查人体测量变量和划船表现之间的关系.
- 确定不同年龄和性别类别的划船成功的关键人体测量预测因素.
主要方法:
- 来自十个国家的194名年轻划船员 (48名女性,146名男性) 参加了比赛.
- 参与者被分为年轻女性,年轻男性,成年女性和成年男性组.
- 测量包括身高,体重,脂肪百分比,相对肌肉质量,四肢长度,身体表面积 (BSA) 和2000米人体表现仪.
主要成果:
- 在所有年龄组中,男性的表现优于女性.
- 划船性能与身体身高,体重,手臂跨度,下肢长度,相对肌肉质量和BSA正相关.
- 相对体脂与表现有负面关联,而BSA和相对肌肉质量是最强的预测因素.
结论:
- 青少年运动员的划船表现是由人类学因素的组合决定的,而不是单独的特征.
- 身体表面积 (约1.90平方米) 和相对肌肉质量 (40%以上) 是高性能划船者的关键指标.
- 将人体测量分析与生理评估相结合,可以改善人才识别和青少年划船的个性化培训策略.
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