"我用自己的知识进行了双重检查:"医生关于人工智能聊天机器人用于临床决策的医生观点
Hannah Kerman1, Rachel Siden2, Josephine A Cool3,4
1Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. bbl9010@nyp.org.
Journal of general internal medicine
|January 21, 2026
概括
医生在使用人工智能聊天机器人时充当"过器",依靠自己的专业知识来验证信息. 对人工智能工具的信任是有限的,特别是没有引用,这突显了需要仔细整合到临床决策中.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床决策支持 临床决策支持
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 聊天机器人越来越多地被采用在医疗保健环境中.
- 了解AI的医生整合对于评估它对患者护理的影响至关重要.
- 医生对AI聊天机器人在临床决策中的使用的观点需要探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究一般医生如何在临床决策过程中感知和利用AI聊天机器人.
- 确定影响医生信任和依赖人工智能生成信息的因素.
- 了解医生专业知识在过和验证AI输出的作用.
主要方法:
- 半结构面试对美国22名全科医生进行了采访.
- 参与者在采访前使用AI聊天机器人ChatGPT-4进行三个模拟临床病例.
- 采访被分析使用反射主题分析.
主要成果:
- "医生作为波器"的中心主题出现了,描述了医生如何将AI输出与他们自己的知识整合起来.
- 医生认为人工智能聊天机器人是信息连续性的许多资源中的一个资源.
- 对人工智能聊天机器人输出的信任取决于医生的现有临床知识和经验.
- 临床决策的特点是知识和背景的个性化.
结论:
- 人工智能聊天机器人可以通过扩大差异诊断来协助医生制定问题和生成假设.
- 医生对人工智能聊天机器人输出的信任,特别是那些缺乏引用的,仍然有限.
- 医生通过他们的临床判断和经验积极过人工智能生成的信息.
- 对医生-人工智能相互作用的进一步研究是必要的,以指导开发增强临床推理的人工智能工具.
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