社会比较调节结果评估:在获利和损失框架中,情感认知处理的神经机制
Ming Peng1,2,3, Yuanyuan Shi2, Honghui Cai2
1Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
Psychophysiology
|January 21, 2026
概括
社会比较方向 (向上,平行,向下) 显著影响决策和情绪反应. 神经活动模式揭示了在收益/损失框架中的每个比较类型的独特的认知和情感处理.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 个人通常会对他人进行自我评估,这一过程被称为社会比较.
- 社会比较可以发生在三个方向上:向上 (与某人相比较),并行 (与某人相比较),向下 (与某人相比较).
- 了解社会比较如何影响决策及其潜在的神经机制至关重要,特别是在不同的框架环境 (收益/损失) 中.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同社会比较方向对个人决策的影响.
- 探索在收益/损失框架内的社会比较期间与情绪和认知反应相关的神经机制.
- 识别神经活动的独特模式,对应上升,并行和下降的社会比较.
主要方法:
- 采用两种选择的博任务来创建一个生态有效的社会比较场景,隐含地操纵比较类型.
- 69名参与者被分为三个组,每个组对应一个社会比较方向 (向上,平行,向下).
- 使用脑电图 (EEG) 来测量神经反应,包括P2,P3,晚期阳性成分 (LPP),三角形和非周期性活动 (抵消,指数).
主要成果:
- 在三个社会比较组中,行为和主观情绪反应的差异很大.
- 并行比较组:提高LPP等效;随着结果和框架 (社会一致性-框架适应) 的变化而变化.
- 向上对比组:在损失框架中,非有利的结果引起了更大的LPP;有利的结果显示了更大的认知处理 (非有利的敏感性-认知过载).
- 下行比较组:在增益框架中有利的结果增强了P2-P3-LPP;不利的结果增加了认知处理 (有利的偏好-不利的重新评估).
结论:
- 社会比较方向深刻影响决策和情绪处理,具有明显的神经特征.
- 观察到的模式如"社会一致性框架适应"",非有利的敏感性-认知过载"和"有利的偏好-不利的重新评估"突出了依赖框架和比较特定的神经适应.
- 调查结果提供了对社会背景中的决策偏见和与社会比较相关的潜在情绪异常的见解,这与心理健康研究有关.
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