达尔玛:用于儿科尾炎诊断,严重程度评估和基于证据的临床决策支持的新,临床基础的机器学习框架
Anup Thapa Kshetri1, Subash Pahari2, Shashank Timilsina1
1Department of Emergency Medicine and General Practice, Matri-Sishu Miteri Provincial Hospital, Pokhara, Gandaki, Nepal.
PLOS digital health
|January 21, 2026
概括
机器学习工具Dharma准确诊断儿科尾炎并评估其严重程度,即使没有清晰的尾图像. 这种开源框架有助于临床决策和预后指导.
科学领域:
- 儿科手术 儿科手术
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
背景情况:
- 儿童急性尾炎存在诊断挑战,目前的评分系统和成像具有局限性.
- 对于儿科尾炎的现有诊断工具缺乏准确性和预后能力.
- 尾炎的先进成像技术带有诸如镇静,对比和辐射暴露等风险.
研究的目的:
- 介绍Dharma,一种用于诊断和评估儿童急性尾炎的严重程度的新型机器学习框架.
- 开发一个临床上适用的,开源工具,用于现实世界的床边使用.
- 为儿童尾炎病例提供预后指导.
主要方法:
- 开发Dharma,一个机器学习框架,包括一个临床接地输入器和两个随机森林分类器.
- 实现Dharma作为一个易于使用的可访问的Web应用程序.
- 诊断和预后表现的评估,包括有限的尾可视化的场景.
主要成果:
- 达尔玛实现了高诊断性能,AUC-ROC为0.98和93%的准确性.
- 该框架显示高灵敏度 (96%) 和负预测值 (97%) 识别复杂尾炎.
- 即使没有附录可视化,也保持了强的表现,AUC-ROC为0.96.
结论:
- 达尔玛提供了一个非常准确和实用的解决方案来诊断和评估儿科尾炎的严重程度.
- 开源框架提供预后见解,并支持临床工作流程,即使在资源有限的环境中.
- 达尔玛的通用设计可以作为公平医疗保健决策支持系统的基础.
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