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斯梯度有孔膜具有可切换的辐射冷却和太阳能加热,用于建筑热管理
Heyi Li1,2, Xinxin Yuan3, Chang Liu2
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
ACS applied materials & interfaces
|January 21, 2026
概括
本研究介绍了用于自适应性建筑热管理的雅努斯梯度多孔膜 (JGPM). 翻转膜可以在夏季实现可切换的辐射冷却,在冬季实现太阳能供暖,全年优化建筑温度.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 纳米技术纳米技术
- 建筑物理 建筑物理
背景情况:
- 传统建筑材料具有固定的光学特性,限制了它们适应季节性热管理需求的能力.
- 被动热管理策略需要能够动态调节光谱属性的材料,以实现高效的冷却和加热.
研究的目的:
- 开发和演示一种用于可切换的被动建筑热调节的新型雅努斯梯度多孔膜 (JGPM).
- 通过简单的翻转机制,使夏季适应式冷却和冬季太阳能加热成为可能.
主要方法:
- 使用溶剂模板辅助蒸发诱导相分离 (ST-EIPS) 和碳黑修改的JGPM的制造.
- 对量身定制的太阳热反应的层次性多孔性 (从纳米到微观) 和光谱性质的表征.
- 在模拟和真实环境条件下测试原型建筑应用程序.
主要成果:
- 白色表面实现了11.7°C的下环境冷却 (96.06%的太阳反射率,94.69%的发射率).
- 翻转的黑色表面实现了22.5°C的温度升高 (97.07%的太阳吸收率).
- 原型测试证实了季节性适应性,具有5.7°C冷却和10.3°C加热的好处.
结论:
- 通过启用可切换的辐射冷却和太阳能供暖,JGPM为适应性建筑热管理提供了变革性的解决方案.
- 该材料的机械强度和部件粘附性支持直接表面应用.
- 在各种条件下证明可靠的性能突显了JGPM对节能建筑的潜力.
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