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患者报告的阿片类药物依赖以及膝关节关节整形术后12个月使用的原因:一项前性观察性研究

Mette J Hansen¹, Mette Garval¹, Jeppe Lange²

¹Elective Surgery Centre, Regional Hospital Central Jutland, Falkevej 1, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.

|January 21, 2026

概括

膝关节置换后持续的每日阿片类药物使用是罕见的. 然而,在手术前使用阿片类药物的患者在手术后12个月继续使用的风险更高.

科学领域:

整形外科手术整形外科手术
疼痛管理疼痛管理
药理学药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

阿片类药物通常用于膝关节关节整形术后的疼痛.
术后长期使用阿片类药物可能会使康复复杂化,并增加持续使用的风险.
这项研究调查了快速通道膝关节关节整形术后的阿片类药物消费模式.

研究的目的:

为了评估持续每日阿片类药物使用的发病率和预测因素,在快速通道膝关节关节整形术后12个月.
为了比较患有和没有手术前使用阿片类药物的患者之间的阿片类药物使用.
在接受膝关节置换的患者中确定阿片类药物使用的原因.

主要方法:

对1195名接受快速膝关节整形手术的患者进行了前性,单中心的观察性研究 (996名全膝关节整形手术,199名中部单分部膝关节整形手术).
患者报告的阿片类药物使用,通过手术前和3个月和12个月后的问卷进行评估.
患者根据手术前阿片类药物使用进行分类;主要结局是患者报告的12个月的每日阿片类药物使用.

主要成果:

在12个月的随访中,3%的膝关节整形术患者报告每天使用阿片类药物治疗假肢膝关节疼痛.
术前每日阿片类药物使用者的持续使用风险 (17%) 与非使用者 (1%) 相比显著更高.
只有1名中部单分部膝关节整形术患者 (0.6%) 报告12个月后每天使用阿片类药物.

结论:

由于假肢膝关节疼痛,持续的每日阿片类药物使用在快速全膝关节整形术和中间单隔板膝关节整形术后12个月并不常见.
手术前的每日阿片类药物使用是膝关节置换后持续使用阿片类药物的强有力的预测因素.
基于术前阿片类药物状态的风险分层对于治疗术后疼痛至关重要.

关键词:

复杂化复杂化复杂化复杂化膝关节关节整形手术膝关节关节整形手术这是一种阿片类药物.患者报告的结果.

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