抗凝固 rodenticides 对太平洋鱼的毒性:评估致命和次致命效应
Lillian M Pavord1, Melissa K Driessnack1, Aaron B Shiels2
1Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, WA 98371, USA.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
|January 21, 2026
概括
用于侵入性动物控制的抗凝固 rodenticides (ARs) 可以伤害非目标鱼. 布罗迪法库姆会导致科霍鱼的血液凝结问题,而迪法西诺则表现出更快的效果和不同的作用模式.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 水生生态学 水生生态学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 侵入性动物威胁着岛屿的生物多样性,经常使用抗凝固剂杀剂 (ARs) 进行根除.
- 抗逆转录物质可以污染水生环境,对非目标水生物种,特别是鱼类构成风险.
- 对于暴露于常用ARs的鱼类有有限的毒性数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估科霍鱼 (Oncorhynchus kisutch) 对凝血病的易感性和因暴露于布罗迪法库姆和二素而导致的死亡率.
- 根据AR在水生息地附近的动物管理中使用的风险评估.
主要方法:
- 科霍鱼通过腹腔内注射暴露于不同剂量的布罗迪法库姆和迪法西诺.
- 产生剂量反应曲线以估计中位数致命剂量 (LD50).
- 分析了血液凝固时间,行为变化,死亡率和组织残留物.
主要成果:
- 96小时的LD50值为布罗迪法库姆的85.7微克/g和玉米油载体中的二辛的54.0微克/g.
- 作为溶剂的乙降低了二氨的毒性,但没有降低粉毒性.
- 布罗迪法库姆暴露会影响血液凝固,而二氨显示出快速效应和潜在的非凝血病机制.
结论:
- 布罗迪法库姆显然会导致科霍鱼的凝血病.
- 迪法西诺因表现出更快的毒性作用,并且可能通过不同的机制起作用.
- 这些发现对于完善敏感岛屿生态系统中AR风险评估至关重要.
关键词:
抗凝固剂 杀鼠剂 抗凝固剂布罗迪法库姆 (Brodifacoum) 是一种制.科霍鱼是一种鱼.迪法西诺尼 (Diphacinone) 是一种二氨酸.LD(50) 的时间.风险评估 风险评估 风险评估拉塞尔的蛇毒时间时间溶剂对毒性的溶剂作用更多相关视频
07:08Assessment of the Anticoagulant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Endothelial Cells Using 3D Cell Culture and Non-anticoagulated Whole Blood
Published on: September 5, 2017
8.9K
05:27Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication: A Functional Biomarker to Assess Adverse Effects of Toxicants and Toxins, and Health Benefits of Natural Products
Published on: December 25, 2016
15.5K
相关概念视频
01:18Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants
2.2K
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
2.2K
02:41Lethal Alleles
17.7K
Agouti: A Lethal Allele
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
17.7K
01:30Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
1.7K
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
1.7K
01:26Toxic Reactions: Overview
1.8K
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
1.8K
02:19Buffer Effectiveness
54.9K
Buffer solutions do not have an unlimited capacity to keep the pH relatively constant . Instead, the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in pH relies on the presence of appreciable amounts of its conjugate weak acid-base pair. When enough strong acid or base is added to substantially lower the concentration of either member of the buffer pair, the buffering action within the solution is compromised.
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
54.9K
03:26Framing Effects
7.9K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
7.9K