在水生和陆生生物中暴露于微塑料或纳米塑料后,毒性的性别差异:系统性审查
Asmaa Lafram1, Jawad Laadraoui2, Yahya Al Naggar3
1Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University of Hassan II Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|January 21, 2026
概括
微塑料和纳米塑料毒性的性别差异在水生和陆生生物中很明显. 男人显示较高的死亡率和压力,而女性积累更多的颗粒和减肥,突出需要性别特定的风险评估.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 和纳米塑料 (NP) 是普遍存在的环境污染物,已知具有有害影响.
- 它们对生物体的影响越来越令人担忧,需要详细的毒理学调查.
- 了解差异性毒性对于准确的环境风险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析MP和/或NP暴露后毒性的基于性别的差异.
- 识别水生和陆生物种之间生理反应的模式.
- 突出物种,粒子特性和暴露条件对MNP毒性的影响.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,科学网和Scopus的系统文献搜索,截至2024年9月10日.
- 包括在2020-2024年期间发表的26篇原创文章,遵守PRISMA指南.
- 专注于研究MP,NP或混合物 (MNP) 在各种生物体中的性别特异性影响.
主要成果:
- 观察到性别特定的毒理结果:男性的死亡率更高,氧化应激和免疫抑制.
- 雌性表现出增加的颗粒积累和更大的体重减轻.
- 响应因物种,颗粒类型 (如聚钢,聚乙烯) 和暴露参数而异.
结论:
- 性别是影响MNP毒性的关键生物变量,需要将其纳入毒理学评估.
- 物种身份在对MP和NP的不同易感性方面发挥着重要作用.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明性别和物种特异性MNP毒性的潜在机制.
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