与三毛病相关的深层分类学和功能性肠道微生物群变化:跨国和国家特定的模式
Pierre H H Schneeberger1,2, Julian Dommann3,4, Nurudeen Rahman3,4
1Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Allschwil, Switzerland. pierre.schneeberger@swisstph.ch.
NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
|January 21, 2026
概括
像Trichuris trichiura这样的土壤传播的虫破坏肠道微生物群,减少有益的细菌,增加有害的细菌. 这种不平衡可能会危及肠道健康并促进寄生虫的生存,这表明微生物群干预可以控制虫.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 人的肠道微生物群在宿主健康中起着至关重要的作用,影响免疫力,新陈代谢和病原体耐药性.
- 已知土壤传播的虫 (STHs),如Trichuris trichiura,会影响肠道微生物群,但这些干扰的全球范围和功能后果尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查Trichuris trichiura感染对肠道微生物群组成和功能在各种特有地区的影响.
- 为了确定与虫感染相关的保存和特定区域的微生物变化.
主要方法:
- 使用标准化,高分辨率的元基因组分析分析了科特迪瓦,老和坦桑尼亚感染个体的肠道微生物群.
- 在感染和未感染个体之间对微生物组成,功能潜力和网络稳定性的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 生产者的持续耗尽 (例如,Blautia sp. 在所有研究地点观察到MSJ 9,Holdemanella biformis) 和素降解细菌 (例如,Ruminococcus,Bacteroides) 的丰富.
- 增加微生物利用宿主衍生的碳水化合物和微生物网络的不稳定,包括Segatella copri的出现,与感染有关.
- 虽然具体的种类因地区而异,但SCFA枯竭和增强的粘素降解的趋势表明,对T. trichiura感染的代谢反应是共同的.
结论:
- 虫感染显著改变肠道微生物组,导致SCFA的产生减少和粘素降解增加,表明肠道屏障功能受损和免疫反应改变.
- 这些微生物组失生可能会导致寄生虫的持久性和 reduced 宿主弹性.
- 针对微生物组的干预措施,如益生菌或饮食改变,有望通过恢复微生物平衡来支持虫控制.
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