获取增强生成 (RAG) 用于自然语言查询蛋白质药物的免疫原性数据
Nikhil Advani1, Amruta Gajanan Bhat1, Sathy Balu-Iyer1
1Artificial Intelligence and Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 355 Pharmacy, Buffalo, NY, 14214-8033, USA.
The AAPS journal
|January 21, 2026
概括
提取增强生成 (RAG) 人工智能 (AI) 显示出对查询生物制品免疫性数据的希望,但有局限性. 复杂的科学信息的准确检索和合成需要精细化.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 生物制剂的免疫性对药物的安全性和有效性至关重要.
- 对复杂的生物数据进行自然语言查询具有挑战性.
- 提取增强生成 (RAG) AI为数据合成提供了一个潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估RAG AI用于查询生物制剂免疫性数据的优点和局限性.
- 在RAG系统中评估不同大型语言模型 (LLM) 的性能.
- 确定科学文献分析的RAG系统需要改进的领域.
主要方法:
- 663种生物制剂的包装插件从DailyMed.
- 一个RAG系统集成了NLP,检索和LLM组件 (ChatGPT,Gemini,DeepSeek,Llama).
- 问及影响抗药抗体 (ADA) 发生率和耐受性的因素.
主要成果:
- 该RAG系统检索了相关的上下文,但在非抗体蛋白质药物中发现了不准确的情况.
- 所有LLM都确定了ADA发病率和耐受性因素的关键决定因素.
- 法律学的成果在细节和全面性上有所不同,但总体上显示出相关性和忠实于源文本.
- 特定领域的评估证实了准确的趋势识别和知识差距突出显示.
结论:
- 基于RAG的系统可以从多个来源获取和合成免疫性数据.
- 存在局限性,特别是对于特定药物类型的回收器的有效性和准确性.
- 为了可靠的科学数据查询,需要进一步完善RAG系统.
相关概念视频
Retrieval
423
Retrieval is the process of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness. This ability is essential for daily tasks like brushing hair and teeth, driving to work, and performing job duties. Retrieval occurs in three ways: recall, recognition, and relearning.
Recall involves accessing information without cues, such as during an essay test, where individuals must retrieve facts and concepts from memory unaided. Another example is remembering the name of a colleague...
Recall involves accessing information without cues, such as during an essay test, where individuals must retrieve facts and concepts from memory unaided. Another example is remembering the name of a colleague...
423
Language
894
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
894
What is Natural Selection?
126.2K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
126.2K
ER Retrieval Pathway
4.7K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
4.7K
Nature and Nurture
22.2K
Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
22.2K
Components of Language
776
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
776


